Alvin M. Keeling 
DESPITE then-US President William McKinley’s statement to present Negros to the rest of the country as a model for other interim governments, such different directions involved resistance led by some notable Negrens as well as other advocacy groups. so-called mass groups. natives who indicated their own reasons for resistance.
These groups identified by US authorities were also referred to as Babaylanis, Tulisanis, and other lesser-known groups who opposed US colonial rule. The Illustrados – the led movements, although at first gradually weakened and eventually died out as they suffered many losses while others were drawn to US offers for positions in the new government. As long as they cooperated, they could expect economic benefits and American programs of peace, social progress, and other privileged positions.
It can be noted that the most active groups operated in the southern zone of Negros. Some officials have described them as a muddled mix of socialist principles, anarchist instincts, and aberrations of religious and fanatic notions that also allied with nationalist, pro-Labor and socialist tendencies. In the northern part of Negros, the so-called Tulisanis and other allied resistance groups posed problems for the American authorities who needed to understand their revolutionary objectives mainly in the mountain areas.
It should be noted that the third groups showing resistance to the US colonial authorities were not all Negrens, but the membership increased with the entry of the Panay rebels into Negros and others were half Tagalog and related. eminent Negrens. Some small groups planned to create rallying points for anti-Americanism and alliances with other rebels among the Tulisanis.
A notable case reported by the US commander in Negros, General Smith, reported the rebel raid on foreign ships along the Danao River. Other skirmishes of the Americans during the periods of September 1899 and November 1902 were reported in places like Murcia, Manapla, Escalante and San Carlos, but the general results as in other localities were for the most part lost to the Tulisanis.
The most notable reports of encounters between US forces and rebels from the north were the historic events in Gintabuan along the Manapla National Highway, Saravia (now EB Magalona) and Victorias. Because it was a remarkable concrete structure in the vast sugar areas, the official marker contained the following Spanish messages “El pueblo de Saravia los que cayeron por la libertad. A los héroes de Guintabuan. Aunciatebo del Presidente Municipal , Señor. Rufo Yorac, año of October 7, 1922. “
The Guintabuan affair began on July 26, 1899 when Roque Lopez, president of the island state of the Visayas, sent a Panay expeditionary force to Negros. Panay rebels said they joined Negros groups resisting US colonial forces in various areas of Negros. Due to limited information from US forces and rebels, Guintabuan’s reports of the encounters ultimately resulted in dispersions rather than continued resistance against the Americans.
The last major problem encountered by the American colonial authorities in their efforts to institutionalize in Negros was the brief but strong resistance of the Negrense groups who organized the Aglipayan movement in Negros from 1901 to 1909.
The social conflict was not between the Aglipayan movements against the American colonial authorities, but was in fact led by the growing Aglipay movement in Negros against the Spanish Catholic missionaries who were defending the Catholic Church groups in Negros against the Aglipayan churches in rapid growth, mainly in the south Negro areas.
After the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Catholic groups on November 24, 1906, the Aglipayans made the Catholic churches they had occupied and ultimately had a friendlier relationship with the Roman Catholics.
